Key media concepts;

Mise-en-scène refers to everything that appears before the camera and its arrangement such as;

· Composition

· Production Design (sets, props and costumes)

· Actors’ performance (including casting and make up) and movement (blocking)

· Colour (present in both production design and lighting)

· Costumes

· Lighting

· Framing including position; depth of field; aspect ratio; height and angle (but not movement)

· Diagetic sound (music that is not being played within the scene or a voice-over)

· Location

It is also an expression which is generally used in theatre and film to describe the aspects of a production. This is generated through the construction of shots and the ways in which they lead to visual coherence flowing across the edits from shot to shot.

Location is an important aspect of mise-en-scène because it makes you contemplate: why was that particular location chosen, what atmosphere was it intending to create and what advantages/restrictions would you associate with filming there? Henceforth, location is a key factor which contributes to the overall effect of a film/music video/theatre production which you need to consider before filming.

Different Camera Shots:

• Close-up: This shot is generally used to show the reaction of a character.
• Medium Shot: This shot is used to show the background and also the appearance of characters
• Long Shot: A long shot is used to establish the setting/location of where the action will take place.
• High Angle Shot: This is usually used to create a feeling that a character is vulnerable.
• Low Angle Shot: Creates a feeling of power and superiority. It can also be considered as a point-of-view shot on the part of the threatened character. The camera is tilted upwards on its axis.
• Extreme Close-up: This often creates a feeling of unease as we don't know what else is happening around it as the focus is on what's in the shot. It also shows us the emotion and reactions of characters.
• Point-of-View Shot: This helps the narrative and evokes sympathy in us as we feel involvement in the situation. It also shows the reactions of characters e.g. during an interview, or confrontation.
• Two Shot: A shot with two characters in the frame.

Camera Movements:

• Tracking Shot: The camera follows the action and is often pulled backwards from a scene along tracks laid for that purpose.
• Panning Shot: The camera moves slowly across from side to side.
• Tilt Shot: The camera moves up and down.
• Rolling Shot: The camera moves diagonally making the image appear in a crooked position.
• Crane: The camera is positioned on a crane above ground level.